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The results showed differences in bacterial colonization in infants who are fed infant formula and breast milk, leading to changes in gene expression in infants who are involved in the immune system and defense against pathogens.
In his study, the researchers used transcriptome analysis to compare the condition of the intestines in infants three months of exclusively breast-fed and formula milk. Transcriptome analysis to look at a fraction of the genetic code is transcribed into RNA molecules and mengukuran whether genes can be actively making proteins.
The results showed that breast-fed babies have a wider range of microbes in their guts than formula-fed infants, although their immune systems have been developed to overcome them.
"Although we found that the microbiome of the breast-fed infants were significantly enriched genes associated with the 'virulence', including resistance to antibiotics and toxic compounds, we also found a correlation between the pathogenicity of bacteria and expression of genes associated with immunity and defense mechanisms," Robert Chapkin clear from the Texas A and M University who led the research.
"Our findings suggest that breastfeeding promotes a variety of benefits to the immune system and intestinal microbial populations, as well as maintaining the stability of the gut," he added.
The researchers said the health of every indiviu can be influenced by the diversity of microbes present in the gut. Microbial colonization is essential in maintaining intestinal health and immunity baby. However, little is known about potential interactions between the host's health at the molecular level, gut microbes, and diet.
The findings are published in BioMed Central's open access journal Genome Biology.
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