Delay in Walking in Children, Causes and Handling

Most parents expect their children can run faster than other children. But it turns out, in particular motor development skills actually run the normal age range from age 9 months to 18 months.

Parents should start to worry when a child can not walk when he had reached 18 months. Indeed, could walk at the age of 15-18 months is still within normal limits, but usually these children have impaired gross motor and balance disorders that light would be better given early intervention and stimulation.


In general, the son of late rarely accompanied by other delays in gross motor movement and impaired balance. Often a parent or a doctor thinks the child is not confident or trauma when walking. In fact, most of these children experience delays in gross motor and balance disorders in both the level of light or no light. Instead, parents are watching the development of gross motor, sensory, and vestibular disorders in children are often the child pneyebab late run.

Normal development of motor movement

- 6-8 months: Sit back and knees crawling with two legs.

- 12-18 months: Stand up without assistance, walking with a spread to the furniture in the house, walking 2 or 3 steps without assistance, walk 10-20 minutes without assistance.

- 18-24 months: walking without difficulty, interesting toys while walking, Carrying a large toy while walking, Up / down seat without assistance, find their own way to walk backwards, could go up / down stairs with assistance.

- Typically 24-36 months are able to climb well, walking up / down stairs using one foot per stair, walking on tiptoe.

The most common cause

A. Immaturity of the child's ability to perform persyarafan motor movement is determined by the maturity of the nerves that regulate movement. At the time the child was born, there are nerves in the central susunansyarat underdeveloped and function in accordance with its function, which controls the movement-gerakanmotorik. At the age ± 5 years of the nerves have already reached maturity, and menstimulasiberbagai motor activity. Muscles of control gross motor movements, such as walking, running, jumping, kneeling, growing much faster when compared to the smooth muscles that control fine motor activities, such as using fingers to menyusunpuzzel, holding a pencil or scissors to form a dough or clay, and so forth.

2. Vestibular or balance disorders in children who have sensory integration dysfunction of (DSI) is often impaired balance. Balance disorder that occurs is often considered to be less confident children. Balance disorders are usually characterized by a child afraid of swimming, climbing toys that move and sway like a swing, toy rocking horse power with a coin, take the elevator or escalator. Children generally do not like to ride in the car. Children may not cooperate in an effort to avoid the sensation that makes the child disturbed. Underreactive children for vestibular input does not seem to bother even after spinning for a long time, and seems to enjoy the fast movements such as swinging. When hurried, clumsy movements, easy to stumble or fall. He may not make an effort to catch himself when he fell. Child has difficulty holding his head while sitting. Children do not tend to do well in sports. He may have an awkward style, or unusual movements when moving your arm or head. Usually also accompanied by delays in reading, writing, speaking, and visual-spatial perception are typical.

3. Mild delays in gross motor development A child who is running late, possibly late in the sitting and crawling. But unfortunately, this delay is not the first thing that may be recognized by the parents. If this is the case, then the doctor will see street children in different contexts and to find out is where he is in a series of motor development. Usually also accompanied by delays in reading, writing, speaking, and visual-spatial perception are typical.

4. Sensory disturbances. in young children often have a certain sensitivity on the palms of the hands and feet. So this memgakibatkan children often tiptoe. During this ramp Tip Toe toe or the cause is still unknown. Though not because of anatomical abnormalities. During this time parents thought it was indeed the child's behavior. In children with sensory disorders usually disetai touch sensory sound and light. Sensory noise is usually the child is afraid and uncomfortable when they hear sounds of certain frequencies like the sound of a blender, a baby crying, the sound of electric saws. Light sensory bioasanya children are very sensitive to bright light and sunlight.

Predisposing factors

Delays in walking is common in certain groups of children such as:

Premature infants, obese or overweight, weight babies born with low bada or less than 2,500 grams, children with gastrointestinal disorders such as hypersensitivity saluraan gastropoesepageal reflux, frequent vomiting, nausea or frequent bowel movements difficult. This situation often occurs in children allergic or hypersensitive gastrointestinal tract. Very rare in children suffering from brain tumors, mental retardation and cerebral palsy.

Handling

If there is little delay in walking, the first step to do is to ensure that interference with the innervation of neurological examination, assessment of joint flexibility, muscle strength and range of motion.

When the cause is because of a delay in motor and balance disorders then you should do some exercises to improve stimulation intervention. Stimulation and intervention when performed in a lightweight running late because it will have an impact with other motor skills in the future.

Physical therapy is performed specifically trained Physical and Rehabilitation Specialist for the case of a disruption running light to heavy delays.

Classification criteria for intervention with late run
Can run the age of 8 months-12 months: The ability to run very well and very quickly, usually a child so gross motor and balance skills are very good. In this group may not need intervention or stimulation because the child will learn to walk well on his own without help.

Able to walk at age 12 months-15 months: normal walking ability and the average child's age. Usually such children gross motor skills and the ability of normal balance. In this group may intervene or mild stimulation would be better.

Can run the age of 15 months-18 months: The ability to walk normally but less than optimal. Usually such children gross motor skills and balance ability is less good. In this group need intervention or mild stimulation to the development of motor and vestibular better

Could walk by 18 months-24 months: The ability to walk lightly too late. Usually such children gross motor skills and balance skills are not good. In this group to do an intervention or a mild stimulation to the development of motor and vestibular become optimal. Directives should be carried out by professionals such as Physical and Rehabilitation Specialists

Able to walk at 24 months-32 months: The ability to walk late heavy. Usually such children gross motor skills and the ability of poor balance. In these circumstances, usually accompanied by neurological disorders or central nervous system. In this group to do an intervention or a mild stimulation to the development of motor and vestibular become optimal. Stimulation as it should be done by the direction of professional staff such as Physical and Rehabilitation Specialists

Could not walk until 32 months of age: The ability to walk late very heavy. Usually such children gross motor skills and balance ability is very poor. In these circumstances, usually accompanied by neurological disorders or central nervous system such as people with very severe cerebral palsy. In this group to do an intervention or a mild stimulation to the development of motor and vestibular become optimal. Stimulation as it should be done by the direction of professional staff such as Physical and Rehabilitation Specialists.

Prognosis

- Children with delays in walking typically also disetrai other delays such as delays in crawling, sitting, running or jumping.

- Children with delays running usually also accompanied by gross motor and balance disorders. In this situation the child is usually easy to watch out for falling and tripping. When jatuhpun children usually can not control themselves so often hit the head or chin.

- The future of children with delays running normally do not like sports or exercise is not good value. Such children are usually just happy to see the television, playing games or playing in the house. Similarly, when the school is usually just more fun to watch her friend who was playing in the yard.

- But in children with mild delays in gross motor skills will usually have a very good fine motor skills such as handicrafts, cutting, puzzle games, play games or other electronic games. Usually the hand is better than the ability of foot skills. So that the preferred sport and is dominated tennis, basketball, badminton or football than track.